Problems of risk management in the technosphere Problems of risk management in the technosphere Проблемы управления рисками в техносфере 1998-8990 106324 10.61260/1998-8990-2025-3-122-132 Пожарная безопасность Fire safety Пожарная безопасность TYPOLOGY OF CAUSES LEADING TO FIRE IN LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES ТИПОЛОГИЯ ПРИЧИН, ПРИВОДЯЩИХ К ВОЗГОРАНИЮ ЛИТИЙ-ИОННЫХ АККУМУЛЯТОРОВ ЭЛЕКТРОМОБИЛЕЙ https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1074-9704 Астахина Юлия Анатольевна Astakhina Yulia A. yulya_astahina@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5661-5774 Королева Людмила Анатольевна Koroleva Lyudmila A. koroleva.l@igps.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Санкт-Петербургский университет ГПС МЧС России Санкт-Петербург Россия Saint-Petersburg university of the State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia Saint-Petersburg Russian Federation Санкт-Петербургский университет ГПС МЧС России Санкт-Петербург Россия Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia Saint-Petersburg Russian Federation 21 10 2025 21 10 2025 2025 3 122 132 16 06 2025 08 09 2025 https://journals.igps.ru/en/nauka/article/106324/view

Представлен краткий обзор причин, приводящих к возгоранию литий-ионных аккумуляторов электромобилей. Определено, что возгорание аккумуляторов провоцируется чрезмерным механическим, электрическим, температурным воздействием, наличием производственных дефектов, старением и погружением в соленую воду. В рамках рассмотрения температурного режима эксплуатации указывается на малоизученный параметр – однородность структуры аккумулятора, влияющую на безопасность всего электромобиля. Представлена типологическая схема причин, инициирующих возгорание литий-ионного аккумулятора электромобиля.

A brief overview of the causes leading to ignition of lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles is presented. It is determined that ignition of batteries is provoked by excessive mechanical, electrical, temperature effects, the presence of manufacturing defects, aging and immersion in salt water. In the context of the consideration of the operating temperature mode, a little-studied parameter is indicated – the homogeneity of the battery structure, which affects the safety of the entire electric vehicle. A typological diagram of the causes initiating ignition of a lithium-ion battery of an electric vehicle is graphically presented.

 литий-ионный аккумулятор электромобиль тепловой разгон возгорание lithium-ion battery electric vehicle thermal runaway ignition

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