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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Problems of risk management in the technosphere</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Problems of risk management in the technosphere</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы управления рисками в техносфере</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1998-8990</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">121748</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.61260/1998-8990-2026-1-272-281</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Экологическая безопасность</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Environmental safety</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Экологическая безопасность</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF DIESEL ENGINES BY CHANGING FUEL INJECTION DURATION</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ДИЗЕЛЬНЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ПУТЕМ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПРОДОЛЖИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ВПРЫСКА ТОПЛИВА</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3973-8315</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мельберт</surname>
       <given-names>Алла Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Melbert</surname>
       <given-names>Alla A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>aamelbert@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-7050</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Машенская</surname>
       <given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mashenskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Polzunov Altai state technical university</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Polzunov Altai state technical university</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>2026</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>272</fpage>
   <lpage>281</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-16T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>16</day>
     <month>01</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-25T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>25</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.igps.ru/en/nauka/article/121748/view">https://journals.igps.ru/en/nauka/article/121748/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Целью исследования явилась количественная оценка влияния продолжительности впрыска топлива на образование токсичных компонентов в отработавших газах дизеля для обоснования мероприятий по снижению техногенной нагрузки. Проведены стендовые испытания дизеля 6ЧН 15/18 (Д6Н-250) мощностью 189 кВт при 1 900 мин⁻¹ по ГОСТ 31967–2012, ГОСТ 24028–2013 на 13-режимном цикле. Варьировалась продолжительность впрыска от 20 до 35° п.к.в., проводились отбор и анализ отработавших газов, определялась дисперсность твердых частиц. Установлено, что увеличение продолжительности впрыска с 20 до 35° п.к.в. приводит к росту эмиссии продуктов неполного сгорания: выбросы СО возрастают в 1,93 раза, твердых частиц – в 1,35 раза, углеводородов – в 1,64 раза. Одновременно выбросы оксидов азота снижаются в 2,27 раза вследствие того, что момент воспламенения переходит за верхнюю мертвую точку. Выявлено увеличение среднего диаметра твердых частиц при растянутом впрыске. Сопоставление с экологическими стандартами показало, что ни один из исследованных режимов не обеспечивает выполнение норм ЕВРО-4–6 по всем компонентам; выбросы твердых частиц превышают нормы ЕВРО-6 в 35 раз. Научная новизна заключается в получении количественных зависимостей между продолжительностью впрыска и образованием токсичных компонентов для дизеля 6ЧН 15/18. Практическая значимость состоит в обосновании необходимости комплексного подхода, сочетающего оптимизацию продолжительности впрыска с применением фильтров твердых частиц или каталитических нейтрализаторов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of fuel injection duration on the formation of toxic components in diesel exhaust gases to substantiate measures for reducing technogenic load. Bench tests of the 6ChN 15/18 (D6N-250) diesel engine with a power of 189 kW&#13;
at 1 900 rpm were carried out according to GOST 31967–2012, GOST 24028–2013 using the 13-mode test cycle. The injection duration was varied from 20 to 35° CA, exhaust gas sampling and analysis were performed, and particulate matter dispersion was determined. It was found that increasing the injection duration from 20 to 35° CA leads to an increase in incomplete combustion products: CO emissions increase by 1,93 times, particulate matter by 1,35 times, hydrocarbons by 1,64 times. Simultaneously, nitrogen oxide emissions decrease by 2,27 times due to the shift of the combustion process to the expansion line. An increase in the average diameter of particulate matter was revealed with extended injection. Comparison with environmental standards showed that none of the studied modes ensures compliance with EURO 4–6 standards for all components; particulate matter emissions exceed EURO 6 standards by 35 times. The scientific novelty lies in obtaining quantitative relationships between injection duration and the formation of toxic components for the 6ChN 15/18 diesel engine. The practical significance consists in substantiating the need for an integrated approach combining optimization of injection duration with the use of particulate filters or catalytic converters.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>экологическая безопасность</kwd>
    <kwd>дизельный двигатель</kwd>
    <kwd>отработавшие газы</kwd>
    <kwd>продолжительность впрыска</kwd>
    <kwd>топливо</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>environmental safety</kwd>
    <kwd>diesel engine</kwd>
    <kwd>exhaust gases</kwd>
    <kwd>injection duration</kwd>
    <kwd>fuel</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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