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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">NATURAL AND MAN-MADE RISKS (PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS)</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">NATURAL AND MAN-MADE RISKS (PHYSICO-MATHEMATICAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS)</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ПРИРОДНЫЕ И ТЕХНОГЕННЫЕ РИСКИ (ФИЗИКО-МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ)</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2307-7476</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">103915</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.61260/2307-7476-2025-2-59-73</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ИНЖЕНЕРНОЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРИ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION SECURITY IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ИНЖЕНЕРНОЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРИ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">FIRE DETECTION PROBLEMS FROM VIDEO IMAGES: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ПОЖАРА ПО ВИДЕОИЗОБРАЖЕНИЮ: ОБЗОР ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шкурат</surname>
       <given-names>Данил Евгеньевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shkurat</surname>
       <given-names>Danil E.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>danilshkurat@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-3218</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Матвеев</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Matveev</surname>
       <given-names>Alexandr V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>fcvega_10@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский университет ГПС МЧС России</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский университет ГПС МЧС России</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-05T10:09:13+03:00">
    <day>05</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-05T10:09:13+03:00">
    <day>05</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>2025</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>59</fpage>
   <lpage>73</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-06T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>06</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-30T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>30</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.igps.ru/en/nauka/article/103915/view">https://journals.igps.ru/en/nauka/article/103915/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Обнаружение пожара на ранних стадиях является важным фактором, способным обеспечить снижение ущерба экономике и экологии, а также уменьшения количества пострадавших. Несмотря на возрастающую популярность нейронных сетей как современного метода решения задач в сфере компьютерного зрения, в работах в данной предметной области часто возникают методологические проблемы, ведущие к снижению или полному обесцениванию практических результатов. Данное исследование посвящено поиску таких проблем среди имеющихся работ по обнаружению пожара. В первом разделе проведен контрастный анализ двух работ, в ходе которого были выделены 11 метакритериев для оценки качества исследований. Во втором разделе проведен обзор нескольких работ, посвященных обнаружению пожара в различных условиях, как «классическими» методами, так и с помощью сверточных нейронных сетей. Показана важность правильного выбора метрик, необходимость выбора модели как процесса, полноценного описания исходных данных.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Early fire detection is an important factor that can reduce economic and environmental damage and reduce the number of victims. Despite the growing popularity of neural networks as a modern method for solving problems in computer vision, methodological problems often arise in works in this subject area, leading to a decrease or complete devaluation of practical results. This study is devoted to finding such problems among existing works on fire detection. The first section contains a contrast analysis of two works, during which 11 meta-criteria were identified to assess the quality of studies. The second section contains an overview of several works devoted to fire detection in various conditions, both by «classical» methods and using convolutional neural networks. The importance of the correct choice of metrics, the need to choose a model as a process, and a full description of the source data are shown.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>компьютерное зрение</kwd>
    <kwd>машинное обучение</kwd>
    <kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd>
    <kwd>обнаружение объектов</kwd>
    <kwd>нейронные сети</kwd>
    <kwd>сверточные нейронные сети</kwd>
    <kwd>каскадный детектор Хаара</kwd>
    <kwd>раннее обнаружение пожара</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>computer vision</kwd>
    <kwd>machine learning</kwd>
    <kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd>
    <kwd>object detection</kwd>
    <kwd>neural networks</kwd>
    <kwd>convolutional neural networks</kwd>
    <kwd>Haar Cascades</kwd>
    <kwd>early fire detection</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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