Russian Federation
The article presents a scientific justification for technologies for modifying fire extinguishing agents and protective compounds for oil and gas facilities using carbon nanostructures as modifiers. Experimental and computational methods have shown that the addition of modifiers to water-containing fire extinguishing compositions at a concentration of 0,75 vol. % reduces the extinguishing time of a model Class B fire, decreases the mass burnout rate by 75 %, and reduces the critical fire extinguishing agent delivery rate by 78 % compared to unmodified compositions. This result is due to enhanced heat removal from the combustion zone and oxygen chemisorption by carbon nanoparticles. When modifying intumescent fire-retardant compositions, a reinforcing framework of carbon nanostructures is formed, facilitating the formation of fine-cell foam coke with reduced thermal conductivity, ensuring an extension of the thermal protection effect of the fire-retardant coating by 45–61 %. A feasibility study confirms the cost-effectiveness of the modification technology, with a modifier cost no higher than 200 rubles/g and a carbon nanostructure concentration of 0,2–0,5 vol %. An integrated scientific approach, combining experimental and computational research methods, provides a scientific basis for the design of cost-effective, high-performance fire extinguishing and fire-retardant compounds for oil and gas facilities.
carbon nanostructures, fire extinguishing, fire protection efficiency, foam coke, feasibility study, nanomodification, astralenes
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