Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Animal husbandry is an important branch of agriculture that ensures food security through the production of meat and milk, which are the main sources of animal protein. At the same time, the intensive development of this industry is associated with a significant impact on the environment. One of the key environmental problems is the emission of toxic and greenhouse gases during animal husbandry and manure storage. Ammonia (NH₃), methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are released in the premises of livestock complexes, which not only threaten the health of workers, but also contribute to climate change and atmospheric pollution. The purpose of the study was to study the concentration and spatial distribution of these gases in the air environment of livestock facilities using specialized equipment and software for automatic layer-by-layer measurement and regulation of the parameters of the production environment. The research was conducted on the basis of the dairy herd of Saint-Petersburg State Agricultural University and PJSC «Predportovy». The results showed that the maximum permissible concentrations of almost all the substances studied were exceeded, especially in the surface air layer (0,5–1,0 m), where their accumulation is due to high density and physico-chemical properties. Concentrations decrease with increasing altitude. The introduction of an automated monitoring system makes it possible to identify areas of high pollution in a timely manner and activate ventilation systems, which helps to reduce the anthropogenic load inside the premises and minimize emissions into the atmosphere. The data obtained emphasize the need for regular environmental monitoring of the air environment and the introduction of resource-saving technologies aimed at improving the environmental safety of livestock production.
environment, layer-by-layer measurement of air composition, production factors, gases, environmental safety, agricultural facilities
1. Shkrabak V.S. Otraslevye problemy ohrany truda i puti ih effektivnogo resheniya // Bezopasnyj i komfortnyj gorod: sb. nauchnyh trudov po materialam IV Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Orel: Orlovskij gosudarstvennyj universitet im. I.S. Turgeneva, 2020. S. 561–564. EDN ACZHMV.
2. Shkrabak R.V. Proizvodstvennyj travmatizm i zabolevaemost' – obshchemirovaya problema vekov: puti dinamichnogo snizheniya i likvidacii // Vestnik agrarnoj nauki Dona. 2020. № 4 (52). S. 78–84.
3. Kontareva V.Yu. Usloviya truda v zhivotnovodstve i ih vliyanie na zdorov'e rabotnikov // Perspektivy ustojchivogo razvitiya agrarno-pishchevyh sistem na osnove racional'nogo ispol'zovaniya regional'nyh geneticheskih i syr'evyh resursov: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Donskoj gosudarstvennyj agrarnyj universitet, 2023. S. 266–270. EDN FWIJDC.
4. Analiz osnovnyh prichin professional'noj zabolevaemosti rabotnikov zhivotnovodstva / E.S. Shabrova [i dr.] // Agrarnyj nauchnyj zhurnal. 2021. № 12. S. 130–134. DOI:https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i12pp130-134. EDN RGKMIZ.
5. Assessing influence factors on daily ammonia and greenhouse gas concentrations from an open-sided cubicle barn in hot Mediterranean climate / P.R. D’Urso [et al.] // Animals. 2021. № 11 (5). P. 1400. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051400.
6. Komlackij G.V., Elizbarov R.V. Tekhnologicheskie aspekty snizheniya vybrosov parnikovyh gazov v zhivotnovodstve // Nauchnyj zhurnal KubGAU. 2022. № 181 (07). S. 116–126. DOI: 10. 21515/1990-4665-181-012. EDN ZCNTZO.
7. Vtoryj V.F., Vtoryj S.V. Vliyanie sistemy udaleniya navoza na koncentraciyu ammiaka v korovnikah s besprivyaznym soderzhaniem // AgroEkoInzheneriya. 2024. № 2 (119). S. 104–117. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24412/2713-2641-2024-2119-104-116. EDN OOTRET.
8. Tekhnologiya snizheniya gazovyh vybrosov zhivotnovodcheskih ferm / N.B. Bondarenko [i dr.] // Vestnik RUDN. Ser.: Ekologiya i bezopasnost' zhiznedeyatel'nosti. 2024. T. 32. № 1. S. 32–40. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2024-32-1-32-40.
9. Dovlatov I.M., Yurochka S.S., Blagov D.A. Analiz eksperimental'nyh dannyh gazovogo sostava vozduha na zhivotnovodcheskoj ferme // Agrarnaya nauka. 2023. № 7. S. 116–120. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-372-7-116-120. EDN SIYBAH.
10. Semenov S.M., Govor I.L., Uvarova N.E. Rol' metana v sovremennom izmenenii klimata. M.: Institut global'nogo klimata i ekologii im. akademika Yu.A. Izraelya, 2018. 106 s. EDN TZBKQY.
11. Andreev L.N., Zherebcov B.V. Sistema avtomatizacii parametrov vozdushnoj sredy zhivotnovodcheskih pomeshchenij // Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2021. № 5 (91). S. 133–138. EDN NTPLHT.
12. Zahodyakina E.O., Tumanova M.I. Bezopasnost' truda pri rabote na zhivotnovodcheskih predpriyatiyah // Nauchnoe obespechenie agropromyshlennogo kompleksa: sb. statej po materialam 77-j nauch.-prakt. konf. studentov po itogam NIR za 2021 g.: v 3-h ch. Ch. 2. Krasnodar: Kubanskij gosudarstvennyj agrarnyj universitet im. I.T. Trubilina, 2022. S. 260–262. EDN OAUBSX.
13. Povyshenie bezopasnosti truda rabotnikov zhivotnovodstva / T.A. Shendakova [i dr.] // Vestnik agrarnoj nauki Dona. 2023. T. 16. № 3 (63). S. 85–94. DOI:https://doi.org/10.55618/20756704_2023_16_3_85-94. EDN RSNCMM.
14. Economic and Environmental Benefits of Digital Agricultural Technological Solutions in Livestock Farming: A Review / G. Papadopoulos [et al.] // Smart Agricultural Technology. 2025. S. 13.
15. Supporting a healthy environment through livestock / M. Bran [et al.] // Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. 2019. P. 40–46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/04.
16. Supporting a healthy environment through livestock / M. Bran [et al.] // Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. 2019. P. 40–46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/04.
