Russian Federation
Current challenges facing the Russian Federation relate to ensuring security, including fire safety, the development of competitive domestic production, and the maximum integration of unmanned aerial systems into various fields of activity. EMERCOM of Russia is conducting similar work and actively deploying various classes of unmanned aerial vehicles to perform tasks within its purview. This, in the context of limited human resources, minimizes risks to the lives and health of firefighters. However, some technical characteristics and operational capabilities of drones raise questions regarding their practical use. Therefore, the authors analyzed the main areas of unmanned aerial systems use within the EMERCOM system and proposed a methodology (algorithm) for consolidating existing resources. This approach will allow for the most efficient distribution of tasks between the devices, reducing the workload on the operator.
resources, methodology, search operations, monitoring, forest fires
1. Pozhary i pozharnaya bezopasnost' v 2023 godu: inform.-analit. sb. Balashiha: FGBU VNIIPO MCHS Rossii, 2024. 110 s.
2. Pozhary i pozharnaya bezopasnost' v 2024 godu: inform.-analit. sb. Balashiha: FGBU VNIIPO MCHS Rossii, 2025. 112 s.
3. Belyaev A.E., Budevich E.A., Vycherova N.R. Sistema obnaruzheniya lesnyh pozharov s ispol'zovaniem optimizirovannyh besprovodnyh sensornyh setej Zigbee na solnechnyh batareyah // Sistemy. Metody. Tekhnologii. 2021. № 4 (52). S. 87–96.
4. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po primeneniyu bespilotnyh letatel'nyh apparatov v celyah operativnogo obnaruzheniya i prognoza opasnyh prirodnyh yavleniya i obespecheniya meropriyatij po preduprezhdeniyu i likvidacii CHS prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo haraktera. M., 2016. 98 s.
5. Zvyaginceva A.V., Yakovlev D.V. Perspektivy prostranstvennogo analiza v geograficheskih informacionnyh sistemah dlya prognozirovaniya riska lesnyh pozharov na territorii voronezhskoj oblasti // Geliogeofizicheskie issledovaniya. 2014. № 9. S. 78–88.
6. Forest fire detection using optimized solar – powered zigbee wireless sensor networks / U. Arun Ganesh [et al.] // International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. 2013. Vol. 4. Iss. 6. R. 586–596.
7. Ispol'zovanie sovremennyh metodov prognozirovaniya, monitoringa i profilaktiki lesnyh pozharov v hode pozharoopasnogo perioda v Kurskoj oblasti v 2021 godu / A.V. Basharichev [i dr.] // Voprosy ustojchivogo razvitiya obshchestva. 2021. № 7. S. 439–446.
8. Comparative Study of Various Methods of Fire Danger Evaluation in Southern Europe / D. Xavier Viegas [et al.] // International Journal of Wildland Fire. 2000. Vol. 9. № A. P. 235–246.
9. Perspektivnaya sistema monitoringa i prognozirovaniya sostoyaniya kosmicheskogo apparata na osnove analiza integrirovannoj informacii / N.S. Abramov [i dr.] // Aviakosmicheskoe priborostroenie. 2015. № 6. S. 33–48.
10. Kutahov V.P. Paradigma primeneniya grupp bespilotnyh aviacionnyh system v hode likvidacii chrezvychajnyh situacij // Tekhnologii grazhdanskoj bezopasnosti. 2025. T. 22. № 3 (85). S. 94–102.
11. Mathematical intellectual algorithm for determining the fire hazard parameters of oil and oil refining products / D.S. Korolev [et al.] // AIP Conference Proceedings. Melville, New York. 2021. Vol. 2402. P. 70028. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0071917
12. Korolev D.S. Prognozirovanie pozharoopasnyh svojstv veshchestv s ispol'zovaniem deskriptorov // Vestnik Voronezhskogo instituta GPS MCHS Rossii. 2014. № 1 (10). S. 7–10.
13. Dashchenko S.V., Kopejkin N.G., Vagapov R.R. Programmirovanie komplekta SDK s ispol'zovaniem API dlya peredachi komand dronam // Special'naya tekhnika i tekhnologii transporta. 2025. № 25. S. 402–409.
14. Peshkova G.Yu., Plotnikov G.A. Vzaimodejstvie avtonomnyh bespilotnyh vozdushnyh sudov s ispol'zovaniem tekhnologij iskusstvennogo intellekta // Vestnik Altajskoj akademii ekonomiki i prava. 2022. № 8-2. S. 285–289.
15. Isaev A.A., Neugodnikov K.M. Primenenie BPLA v razvedyvatel'nyh i profilakticheskih (patrulirovanie) celyah // Tochnaya nauka. 2021. № 118. S. 8–10.
16. Behrendt A., Nakamura T., Tsuda T. Combined temperature lidar for measurements in the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere // Applied optics. 2004. Vol. 43. № 14. P. 2930–2939.
17. Lidar: range–resolved optical remote sensing of the atmosphere series, Springer series in optical sciences / C. Weitkamp (Ed.). New York: Springer, 2005. Vol. 102. 460 p.
18. Behrendt A. Combined Raman lidar for the measurement of atmospheric temperature, water vapor, particle extinction coefficient, and particle backscatter coefficient // Applied Optics. 2002. Vol. 41. № 36. P. 7657–7666.
19. Shennon K. Raboty po teorii informacii i kibernetike / per. s angl.; pod red. R.L. Dobrushina, O.B. Lupanova. M.: Inostrannaya literatura, 1963. 832 s.
20. Fink L.M. Teoriya peredachi diskretnyh soobshchenij. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: Sovetskoe radio, 1970. 728 s.
21. Bekmezci I., Sahingoz O.K., Temel Ş. Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs): A survey // Ad Hoc Networks. 2013. Vol. 11. № 3. P. 1254–1270. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2012.12.004
22. Guillen-Perez A., Cano M.D. Flying Ad Hoc Networks: A New Domain for Network Communications // Sensors. 2018. Vol. 18. № 10. P. 3571. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103571
23. Sharma V., Kumar R. A cooperative network framework for multi-UAV guided ground ad hoc networks // Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems. 2015. Vol. 77. № 3. P. 629–652. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-014-0091-0
24. Moiseev V.S. Gruppovoe primenenie bespilotnyh letatel'nyh apparatov. Kazan': RIC «Shkola», 2017. 572 s.
25. Zherebin A.M., Zalugovskaya V.V., Maslova L.A. Koncepciya monitoringa poverhnosti s primeneniem bespilotnyh letatel'nyh apparatov // Vestnik komp'yuternyh i informacionnyh tekhnologij. 2017. № 11. S. 3–7.
26. Wireless sensor networks: a survey / I.F. Akyildiz [et al.] // Computer Networks. 2002. Vol. 38. № 4. P. 393–422. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4
27. Goncharenko V.I., Lebedev G.N., Mihajlin D.A. New algorithm for calculating the required number of unmanned aerial vehicles and the duration of their stay in dangerous area // Journal of Applied Engineering Science. 2022. Vol. 20. № 4. P. 1143–1151. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-36736
28. DJI. White Paper on UAV Reliability and Safety. 2020. 24 p.
29. Zelencov V.V., Sviridov A.S., Shapovalov L.A. Metod rascheta parametrov effektivnogo razmeshcheniya tochek bazirovaniya bespilotnyh letatel'nyh apparatov // Inzhenernyj zhurnal: nauka i innovacii. 2014. № 1 (25).
