Russian Federation
UDC 614.84
UDC 004.056
The article is devoted to the analysis of criteria for assessing the optimal placement of emergency rescue service units. The main scientific approaches are considered, namely: classical location models, covering and maximizing models, models considering survivability and resilience, multicriteria and geospatial methods. Key criteria for assessing optimal placement have been identified, such as response time, coverage of population and infrastructure, economic and financial costs, reliability, risk and vulnerability, and social factors. A comparative analysis of their strengths and weaknesses is carried out. The importance of finding a balance between response speed, costs, and social equity is emphasized, as well as the prospects for applying hybrid models, big data, and AI in emergency rescue service placement planning.
emergency services deployment, response time, population coverage, coverage models, economic criteria, system resilience, multicriteria analysis, geographic information systems
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